КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ КАРТИНА ПАРОДОНТА У ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ВИЧ-ИНФЕКЦИЕЙ ДО И ПОСЛЕ КОМПЛЕКСНОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ

Abstract

Currently, periodontium diseases are an important problem in dentistry. According to WHO, inflammatory periodontal diseases are one of the most common dental diseases in the world after dental caries. The aim of the study was to study the clinical picture of periodontal disease in patients with HIV infection before and after complex treatment. The study was carried out at the “Veoleta” Medical Center and No. 1 Dental Clinic of YSMU named after M. Heratsi of Yerevan from 2021 to 2023. 90 patients with HIV infection were examined before and after complex treatment, 9 (10%) of which were women and 81 (90%) were men. The average age of the patients was 45.2±8.34 (mean±SD). The final diagnosis of HIV infection was made based on the WESTERN-BLOT reaction. The control group consisted of 100 individuals with periodontal lesions, who did not have HIV infection. Of these, 38 (38%) were women and 62 (62%) men, whose average age was 37.99±16.66 (mean±SD). The dental status was studied in all patients of the main and control groups. Comprehensive treatment included the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to achieve suppression of the HIV viral load, dental treatment and the use of a probiotic. The detection rate of periodontal disease in the HIV-infected patients we examined was 100%. An objective examination of the oral cavity of patients with HIV infection revealed the presence of a generalized inflammatory process in the area of the marginal and alveolar parts of the gums. Thus, in a comparative study of periodontal lesions before and after complex treatment for HIV infection, it was found that the main symptoms reliably undergo dynamics towards improvement and are detected with less frequency.