ԹՈՔԱՅԻՆ ԶԱՐԿԵՐԱԿԱՅԻՆ ՀԻՊԵՐՏԵՆԶԻԱ

Abstract

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a syndrome characterized by marked remodeling of the pulmonary vasculature and a progressive rise in the pulmonary vascular load, leading to hypertrophy and remodeling of the right ventricle. PH hemodynamically defined hemodynamically by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure of higher than 20 mm Hg at rest, as measured by right heart catheterization. The several forms of PH are categorized into five clinical groups, based on the 2018 meeting of the World Symposium on PH with the clinical characteristics and hemodynamic profile of each group. PH complicates chronic lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (worldwide burden >500 million cases) and interstitial lung disease (10 to 70%). It is estimated that 1% of the world population and up to 10% of persons older than 65 years of age have PH. We reviewed current literature to ascertain the approach to classification, diagnostic and treatment algorithm for confirmed Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) according to ESR-ECS 2015 guidelines, 2018 meeting of the World Symposium on PH and randomized controlled trials. Diagnostic algorithm for suspected PH on the basis of symptoms and signs will intergrated with transthoracic echocardiography, as the single most important screening test ordered by the general practitioner. Additional routine blood and imaging tests are involdved in the clinical assessment. Treatment algorithm for confirmed PAH is adapted from Galiè et al and presented with recommendations for approved PAH, therefore further studies need to be carried out.