Association between coronary artery calcium score and COVID-19 prognosis

Abstract

Background: Research has examined the relationships between coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores and mortality, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit admissions. This paper summarizes the predictive value of coronary artery calcification scoring for hospitalized COVID-19 patients in terms of mortality, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unit admission. Methods: The patients in this single-center retrospective analysis have COVID-19 and were hospitalized at the Firouzabadi hospital in Tehran between 2019 and 2020. coronary artery calcificationscore was estimated based on chest non-contrast CT scans on the day of admission. Based on the coronary artery calcification score, the patients were categorized into Very Low, Mild to Moderate, and Moderate to Severe. After a univariate analysis of the critical factors, odds ratio (OR) analysis and multivariate analysis of variables that could be linked to COVID-19 advancement were carried out. Results: a total of 719 patients were examined. Among them, 414 patients were men. Mortality with a 17.1 % prevalence was statistically significant between CAS score levels (P < 0.001). This factor has high OR with mild to moderate and moderate to severe CAS (OR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.71 to 3.06, and OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.84 to 3.57). Oxygen saturation was a significant statistic between CAS score levels (P = 0.02). This factor has a high OR with mild to moderate and moderate to severe CAS (OR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.71 to 3.60, and OR: 2.38; 95% CI: 0.89 to 2.9). There was no statistical difference between the groups’ outcomes of mechanical ventilation and admission types. Conclusion: In this study, the coronary artery calcification scores of patients with COVID-19 were compared, while the outcomes of interest mortality, mechanical ventilation, and intensive care unitU admission were closely investigated. In light of these findings, coronary artery calcificationscoring can help in patient stratification, enabling earlier therapies for disorders to progress quickly.