Case Report: COVID Associated Pancytopenia Unmasking Previously Undiagnosed Pernicious Anemia

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-associated pancytopenia is a known but rare complication of COVID-19 syndrome that is not well described in literature. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 has shown the potential to affect any organ including the bone marrow, which then results in a decrease in all three blood cell lines. These cases usually resolve with the passage of time and treatment of underlying risk factors. As COVID pneumonia rates continue to increase worldwide, it is crucial to be able to recognize this complication. Additionally, deeper investigation into patient’s response to COVID infection can be complicated by unexpected underlying disease. We report a case of a symptomatic 24-year-old active duty male in Hawaii with post-COVID pancytopenia that was found to have previously undiagnosed pernicious anemia and his response to standard treatment.