Vibrational, Optical, Electrochemical, and Electrical Analysis of Normal and Cancer DNA

Abstract

In the current article, we did characterizations like Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) Spectroscopy, UV-Visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, Photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), Current-Voltage (I-V) characteristics, dielectric spectroscopy, and transient time spectroscopy on normal and cancerous (esophagus) DNA samples. FT-IR confirms the associated functional groups of DNA. Also a significant change in these groups with mutations is observed. From the analysis of UV data, the various optical parameters like optical band gap, disorder energy were estimated and discussed. PL data demonstrate the various emissions and are described as per the existing structure of the molecule. From the CV plots, the energy levels, like highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) were also calculated. The EIS data interpretations show well developed changes in various parameters related with nature of the present molecules. Also from I-V characteristics, visible variations were observed and discussed. From the dielectric spectroscopy, a drastic change in the data were seen and described. Dynamic measurements like transient time demonstrates a vital impact on charge storage and hence on the rise and fall time of the molecules. The various calculated parameters related with these methods show changes with normal and mutated DNA. These observed properties shown by these techniques could be explored for further confirmation of the diagnostic of the disease.