Perspective—Prospect of Nano-Enabled Optical Biosensors for Antibiotic Abuse Surveillance as an Early Prevention Tool for Antimicrobial Resistance

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) distressing human is driven by pragmatic contagion diagnostics and incessant inadvertent antibiotics abuse (AB). The state-of-the-art AB monitoring involves developing nanomaterials-enabled optical biosensors with prompt and precise detection efficacy. This prospect highlights the diversified optical biosensors, including SPR, SERS, fluorescent and colorimetric biosensors, for efficiently detecting AB abuse. Besides, it elaborates on the fundamentals, challenges, potential alternatives and prospects associated with these optical biosensing strategies for detecting AB as an effective AMR prevention/monitoring strategy. It will serve as a roadmap to future research and development dedicated to nano-enabled-optical biosensors for AMR monitoring through AB detection at community/individual sources.