Green Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Lignin Extracted from Phoenix Dactylifera Seed: Application as Electrochemical Sensor for the Monitoring of Ornidazole

Abstract

Lignin is the second most common biopolymer after cellulose and the most-available renewable source of aromatic groups in nature. The alkaline method was used to extract lignin from Phoenix dactylifera seeds powder. The current research aims to use extracted lignin as a reducing and stabilizing agent for ecofriendly manufacturing of silver nanoparticles (Lig-AgNPs). The prepared Lig-AgNPs were characterized by UV–vis, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis techniques. Moreover, they were further used to modify the surface of a carbon paste electrode (CPE), and the resulting modified electrode (Lig-AgNPs/CPE) was applied for electrochemical detection of ornidazole (ODZ) according to optimum square wave voltammetry conditions. The prepared sensor Lig-AgNPs/CPE was able to identify ODZ (at BR buffer pH 2.3) in a linear range between 8.0 × 10−6 and 1.0 × 10−3 M, with DL of 0.362 μM and QL equal 1.21 μM, the acquired RSD was 3%. Additionally, the developed electrode Lig-AgNPs/CPE was successfully applied to detect ODZ in commercial milk, river water, and tap water with agreeable results.