Review—Knowledge-Based Process Design for High Quality Production of NCM811 Cathodes

Abstract

Low-cost and high-performance lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are a key technology in these days. One promising candidate for cathodes is the layered nickel (Ni)-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) active material due to its high energy density, high specific capacity and lower material costs as well as social aspects concerning mining due to the diminished cobalt content. However, the lower thermal stability and higher sensitivity to H2O and CO2 result in a potential stronger performance degradation and lower safety. Therefore, process adaptions are inevitable. In this paper the current status and challenges of the entire cathode production process with NCM811 as active material are reviewed taking quality, cost and environmental aspects into account. General important aspects within the process are presented which are specially extended to NCM811 cathode production. Process recommendations are highlighted and innovative approaches like a water-based or solvent-free processing are discussed in comparison to conventional production technologies.