3D Printed TiO2 Negative Electrodes for Sodium-Ion and Lithium-Ion Batteries Using Vat Photopolymerization
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Published:2023-10-01
Issue:10
Volume:170
Page:100538
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ISSN:0013-4651
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Container-title:Journal of The Electrochemical Society
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language:
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Short-container-title:J. Electrochem. Soc.
Author:
Maurel AlexisORCID,
Martinez Ana C.ORCID,
Chavari Sina Bakhtar,
Yelamanchi Bharat,
Seol Myeong-Lok,
Dornbusch Donald A.,
Huddleston William H.ORCID,
Sreenivasan Sreeprasad T.,
Sherrard Cameroun G.,
MacDonald Eric,
Cortes Pedro
Abstract
Additive manufacturing represents a unique approach to develop three-dimensional shape-conformable batteries with enhanced surface area, ion diffusion, and power. For the first time, a composite photocurable resin loaded with solid particles of active materials and conductive additives was prepared and used as feedstock to print negative electrodes for sodium-ion and lithium-ion batteries by means of a vat photopolymerization (VPP) 3D printer. In alignment with NASA’s Artemis mission goals to develop sustainable lunar energy storage infrastructure to support long-term human operations, TiO2 was selected as an active material for the negative electrode due to its abundance on the lunar surface. The TiO2 loading in the composite photocurable resin was increased as high as possible to maximize the electrochemical performance of the printed electrodes, while simultaneously ensuring printability and good mechanical strength for sample handling. The effect of thermal post-processing on the electrical, electrochemical, and mechanical performance is reported. A configurational study is implemented to identify the impact of electrode designs (cubic and gyroid) on the electrochemical performance. This work addresses the difficulties related to the introduction of solid particles within a photocurable resin and the need for a compromise between the electrochemical performances and printability to obtain fully functional VPP-printed electrodes.
Funder
AFOSR ADMETE grant
The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP) Murchison Chair
Friedman endowment chair at Youngstown State University
French Fulbright Program
NASA Space Mission Directorate’s Early Career Initiative Program
NASA award number NNA16BD14C for NASA Academic Mission Services
Publisher
The Electrochemical Society
Subject
Materials Chemistry,Electrochemistry,Surfaces, Coatings and Films,Condensed Matter Physics,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials