Review—Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Detecting Environmental Pollutants

Abstract

In this population driven society, the major cause of environmental pollution is due to modern agricultural practices & intensified industrialization. These kind of economic practices leads to excessive deposition of residual pesticides, heavy metals in both soil and water. This is a commonly accepted agreement that there is an immediate need for qualitative and quantitative information on environmental entities. Electrochemical sensing platforms which offers in situ and rapid detection of wide range of pollutants gives good results compared to other conventional methods. “Graphene” a wonder material possessing excellent physiochemical properties when utilized as an electrode for sensing, enables quicker diffusion of target analytes and detects environmental contaminants even at trace levels. The main motive of the manuscript is to give some new insights on graphene based electrochemical sensors on detecting some environmental entities like pesticides, heavy metals & antibiotics. It also highlights the growth & performance of the sensors over the years in detecting these hazardous pollutants. In addition, this review also gives a better understanding on its methods and techniques, existing challenges and future aspects.