Water biological resources in the structure of environmental problems of energy facilities

Abstract

THE PURPOSE. The study of a fish protection structure such as a water-air curtain as an example of an ecological solution to the problem of conservation of aquatic biological resources at an energy facility.METHODS. A comparative analysis of our own research and literature data on the use and evaluation of the effectiveness of fish protection structures (FPS) has been carried out. For the selection of ichthyological samples, mesh networks of 10, 18, 22, 30 and 70 mm were used, installed in front of the water supply channels to the shore pumping stations (SPS). When analyzing the efficiency of the FPS, the methods of fish accounting are considered: the method of catching fish and the procedure for conducting observations at the facility. The assessment of fish ingress to the SPS (after the FPS) was carried out by round-the-clock observations of fish penetrating into the water supply channel in comparison with their ingress to the water-retaining rotating nets of water treatment machines on the SPS. The efficiency coefficient was determined by the difference in the concentration of fish before the FPS (at the reservoir) and after the FPS (at the SPS).RESULTS. It is shown that the efficiency coefficient of the FPS by the type of water-air curtain averaged 86.9%, which exceeds the regulatory efficiency. It has been revealed that a fish protection structure (FPS) by the type of a water-air curtain is the most environmentally friendly technical solution for water intake at power facilities.CONCLUSION. The improvement of the ecological situation in the area of the location of the RSL by the type of water-air curtain in terms of the concentration of oxygen in the water and the reduction of trophies due to the oxidation of organic substances was noted.concentration in water and of decrease in trophy due to the oxidation of organic substances.