Na/K‐ATPasesignaling tonically inhibits sodium reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule

Abstract

AbstractThrough its classic ATP‐dependent ion‐pumping function, basolateral Na/K‐ATPase (NKA) generates the Na+gradient that drives apical Na+reabsorption in the renal proximal tubule (RPT), primarily through the Na+/H+exchanger (NHE3). Accordingly, activation of NKA‐mediated ion transport decreases natriuresis through activation of basolateral (NKA) and apical (NHE3) Na+reabsorption. In contrast, activation of the more recently discovered NKA signaling function triggers cellular redistribution of RPT NKA and NHE3 and decreases Na+reabsorption. We used gene targeting to test the respective contributions of NKA signaling and ion pumping to the overall regulation of RPT Na+reabsorption. Knockdown of RPT NKA in cells and mice increased membrane NHE3 and Na+/HCO3−cotransporter (NBCe1A). Urine output and absolute Na+excretion decreased by 65%, driven by increased RPT Na+reabsorption (as indicated by decreased lithium clearance and unchanged glomerular filtration rate), and accompanied by elevated blood pressure. This hyper reabsorptive phenotype was rescued upon crossing with RPT NHE3−/−mice, confirming the importance of NKA/NHE3 coupling. Hence, NKA signaling exerts a tonic inhibition on Na+reabsorption by regulating key apical and basolateral Na+transporters. This action, lifted upon NKA genetic suppression, tonically counteracts NKA's ATP‐driven function of basolateral Na+reabsorption. Strikingly, NKA signaling is not only physiologically relevant but it also appears to be functionally dominant over NKA ion pumping in the control of RPT reabsorption.