Morphological and biochemical changes in the blood of piglets suffering from Eimeriosis and Balantidiosis

Abstract

The purpose of the work was to study changes in the morphological and biochemical parameters of the blood of 50-day-old piglets spontaneously infested with Eimeria and Balantidia. An experimental group of animals spontaneously infested with Eimeria and Balantidia and a control group (n=5) not infested were formed. To examine feces for the presence of Eimeria, the McMaster method in Raynaud's modification, Balantidia - native smear was used. Changes in morphological and biochemical indicators of blood during the mixed course of eimeriosis and balantidiosis were determined. In the blood of piglets infected with Eimeria and Balantidia, a decrease in the hemoglobin content by 10.4% and the number of erythrocytes by 17.0% was established. At the same time, the number of leukocytes increased by 22%. In the leukogram, the percentage of eosinophils increased by 40.0%, rod- and segmented-nuclear neutrophils by 26.3% and 2.1%, respectively. The number of monocytes increased by 35.3%, which indicates the appearance of foci of inflammation in the animal's body. An increase in the leukocyte index of intoxication by 11.1% indicates the severity of the inflammatory process. In infected piglets, a decrease in total protein content by 6.5% due to a significant decrease in albumin content by 28.3% was recorded. An increase in the concentration of CIC by 23.5%, the activity of the enzymes AlAT and AsAT by 75.4% and 35.9%, respectively, confirms the development of the pathological process and the occurrence of accompanying structural and functional changes in the internal organs of piglets. During the mixed course of eimeriosis and balantidiosis in 50-day-old piglets, leukocytosis and eosinophilia, an increase in the number of rod-shaped and segmented neutrophils, lymphopenia and monocytosis are observed. Changes in indicators indicate an exacerbation of the inflammatory process in the body of infected piglets and a toxic effect in the places of parasitism - the small and large intestines. In the biochemical composition of the blood serum of piglets with the development of the disease, there is a decrease in the content of total protein and albumins, which is associated with a violation of the biloxintizing function of the liver, and an increase in β-globulins indicates a suppression of the immune response to invasion. An increase in the activity of AlAT and AsAT enzymes indicates the development of dystrophic processes in the liver, which plays a primary role in the neutralization of toxins produced in the body of animals. An increase in the concentration of CIC indicates the gradual development of the immune response to the course of the disease