The study of climate resilient urban environment formation background in the conditions of a mountain coast and monsoon climate: the case of Vladivostok.

Abstract

The study of climate resilient urban environment formation background in the conditions of a mountain coast and monsoon climate: the case of Vladivostok. The urban environment of a coastal Far-Eastern city is considered as a set of natural and anthropogenic landscapes in their development and interaction in the conditions of climate change. The methodology for identifying climate risk zones in this study is based on assessing changes in the direction and the vector climate factors action intensity - wind and solar radiation - by low-mountainous terrain and urban development. The main climate risk zones in the considered Vladivostok city territory are: - the slopes of the eastern coast of the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula exposed to the southeast monsoon, as well as peaks and watersheds throughout the peninsula (wind exposure combined with heavy precipitation); - river valleys oriented to the west and built-up thalwegs (flooding by storm precipitation and excessive insolation heating in hot, muggy weather); - valleys mouth, lowlands and alluvial territories of the peninsula western coast, port facilities and city bays embankments (flooding as a result of a gradual increase in the world sea level). The influence assessment of the Muravyov-Amursky Peninsula southern part forest cover dynamics and initial orographic structure on the climate risk zones formation is provided in the article. It is shown that intensive anthropogenic development of the peninsula hummocky terrain will generate new urban landscapes topography with radically different microclimate and its regulation possibilities by 2030. Areas of existing and planned high-density multi-storey buildings are identified as increased climate risk zones. In the biotope city concept development, an architectural and spatial model of the climate resilient urban environment as a single architectural and landscape system is proposed. The model components differ by the anthropogenic landscapes density degree and their layered structure features.