Studying the problems of youth "transitions" in European countries

Abstract

This article analyzes the research of European youth policy. The subject of the study is the main trends, typology and principles of functioning of youth "transitions" in European countries. The question of the need to study the phenomenon of youth "transitions" is relevant and timely, since today there is no generally accepted view on the ways to study these processes. The methodological basis of the study was analysis and synthesis, institutional, systemic and comparative approaches. Based on the studied material, the authors conclude that when considering strategies for youth "transitions", it is necessary to take into account several institutional areas, such as the type of socially-oriented state and the specifics of the transition from study to work. The interaction of these strategies gives different models of youth transitions. These studies highlight important interethnic differences depending on the modes of distribution of social assistance, types of capitalism, as well as growth strategies.Thus, we have considered various strategies structuring the transition to adulthood: in order to explain the different models of youth "transitions", it is necessary to take into account several institutional areas, such as the type of socially-oriented state and the specifics of the transition from study to work. The interaction of these strategies gives different models of youth transitions. Although many European researchers argue that age policy is important in this regard due to the aging of society and the growth of "gray power", most of the works devoted to this issue actually refute the hypothesis of bias in favor of the elderly: these studies emphasize important interethnic differences depending on the modes of distribution of social assistance, types of capitalism, as well as growth strategies. As a result, we come to the conclusion that young people should be considered as part of society as a whole, and, therefore, in order to understand how they move into adulthood, it is necessary to see the full institutional, political and economic picture.