Caries-preventive Efficacy of Resin Infiltrant, Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate, and Nanohydroxyapatite using Confocal Scanning Electron Microscope: An in vitro Study

Abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction White spot lesion is the early sign of demineralization occurring under intact enamel which may lead to the development of caries. Aim The aim of this study is to compare and evaluate the caries-preventive efficacy of a resin infiltrant, casein phosphopeptideamorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP), and nanohydroxyapatite (nano-HA) on white spot enamel lesions. Settings and designs A total of 40 freshly extracted human maxillary incisors were used in this study. Enamel samples (2 mm thickness) were prepared and sample preparation windows were created (dimension of 5 × 5 mm) using adhesive tape, and the sample was made completely resistant to acid attack by coating nail varnish. Materials and methods The samples were divided into four groups, which are resin infiltrant, CPP-ACP, nano-HA, and control of 10 enamel samples in each group. The samples were evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy before and after the application of resin infiltrant and remineralizing agents. Statistical analysis Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance and post hoc Bonferroni test was used for comparing intragroups and Tukey test for comparing intergroups. Results The mean value after demineralization is 245, 246, 250, and 247 μm for Groups I to IV. After remineralization, group I > group II > group III > group IV. After acid challenge for a period of 14 days, group I > group II > group III > group IV. Conclusion The resin infiltrant showed higher caries inhibition potential and superior acid resistance than CPP-ACP and nano-HA. Clinical significance The inhibition of caries progression by resin infiltration technique should be considered as an alternative approach to the more invasive therapies and warrants a place in the range of minimally invasive dentistry techniques. How to cite this article Arvindkumar A, Maheswari U, Kingston C, Gnanaseelan R, Jonathan Emil Sam R. Caries-preventive Efficacy of Resin Infiltrant, Casein Phosphopeptide-amorphous Calcium Phosphate, and Nanohydroxyapatite using Confocal Scanning Electron Microscope: An in vitro Study. J Oper Dent Endod 2017;2(1):6-10.