Falls prevention exercise program in older adults: The comparison of a Feldenkrais Method and a balance-enhancing exercise program

Abstract

Introduction. Falls and fall-related injuries in older adults are a major public health concern and often have serious consequences. This condition suggests the need to enhance intervention programs for fall prevention. Objective. This study aims to investigate the efficiency of 6 weeks of Feldenkrais-Awareness Through Movement intervention to reduce fear of falls and to enhance balance and functional mobility, in comparison to the balance-enhancing exercise program (BEEP). Methods. Fifty-four older adult women (≥ 60 years) were randomly divided into 3 groups: Control Group (CON, n = 18, without intervention), Feldenkrais Group (FEL, n = 18), and BEEP Group (n = 18). The exercise interventions were conducted 3 times per week for 6 weeks. Fear of falling (FES-I), balance (Berg Balance Scale), and functional mobility (TUG test) were measured before and after the exercise intervention. Results. The results of FES and TUG tests showed significant interaction (all p = 0.005). Reduced FES score was observed in both the FEL group (pre: 23.11 ± 3.06 vs post 22.11 ± 2.63, p = 0.002) and the BEEP group (pre: 22.56 ± 5.78 vs post: 21.61 ± 5.56, p < 0.001). The TUG score showed no improvement in the FEL group (p = 0.052), while the BEEP and control groups demonstrated decreased functional mobility (TUG) scores (p < 0.05). For the BBS score, the time effect demonstrated significant results (p < 0.001). Increased BBS scores were observed in both the FEL group (Pre 49.06 ± 2.83 vs Post 49.67 ± 2.84, p = 0.011) and the BEEP group (Pre 48.33 ± 3.72 vs Post 48.94 ± 3.45, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Both Feldenkrais and BEEP are effective in reducing fear of falling and improving balance among older adults. Additionally, Feldenkrais exercises can prevent declines in functional mobility.