1. Unit for Epidemiology and Molecular of HIV Drug Resistance, HIV and Tuberculosis Research and Training Center « SEREFO », University of Sciences, Techniques and Technologies of Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali.
2. Department of Clinical Laboratory, University Hospital Gabriel Toure, Bamako, Mali.
3. Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Gabriel Toure, Bamako, Mali.
4. Department of Infectious Diseases, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
5. Department of Virology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hôpital, Paris, France.