1. Trauma Surgery Department, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, California, USA.
2. Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
3. School of Physiological Nursing, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
4. Department of Anesthesia, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
5. University of California San Francisco Institute for Health & Aging, San Francisco, California, USA.