1. Douglas M. Spencer is a professor of law and public policy at the University of Connecticut School of Law in Hartford, Connecticut, USA. During the Spring 2020 semester he is visiting professor of law at Yale Law School in New Haven, Connecticut. Alexander G. Theodoridis is an assistant professor of political science at the University of California, Merced, in Merced, California, USA.This article greatly benefited from feedback by Miguel de Figueiredo, Heather Gerken, Stephen Goggin, Christian Grose,...