1. Center for Policy and Research in Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
2. Center for Ethics in Health Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.
3. Department of Psychosocial Oncology and Palliative Care, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.
4. Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Center for Ethics in Health Care, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon.