1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.
2. Xinjiang Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration Laboratory, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China.
3. Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystems, Cele, Xinjiang, China.
4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
5. Space Science Division, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California, USA.
6. Laboratorio de Química de Plasmas y Estudios Planetarios, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
7. Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences, Desert Research Institute, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.