1. Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
2. Cambia Palliative Care Center of Excellence, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
3. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.