1. Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, United Kingdom.
2. School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom.
3. Emergency Department, Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust, Hull, United Kingdom.
4. Emergency Unit, Presidio Ospedaliero Morgagni-Pierantoni, AUSL della Romagna, Forlì, Italy.
5. Department of Health Sciences, University of York, Alcuin Research Resource Center, Heslington, York, United Kingdom.