1. Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
3. Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
4. Heart Failure Department, CHR René Dubos, Pontoise and TPE Department, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.