1. Institute of Oral Biology and Biomaterials Science, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
2. Department of Dentistry, Chung-Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
3. Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
4. Biomaterials Center, National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
5. International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.