1. The Permanente Federation, Oakland, California, USA.
2. Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Institute for Health Research, Denver, Colorado, USA.
3. Colorado Permanente Medical Group, Denver, Colorado, USA.
4. Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, California, USA.
5. Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, California, USA.
6. Kaiser Permanente Care Management Institute, Oakland, California, USA.