1. Division of Burn, Wound, and Trauma, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
2. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
3. Department of Surgery, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
4. DoD–VA Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.