1. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
2. Department of Biostatistics and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
3. Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
4. Institute for Global Health & Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
5. Stroger Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
6. Department of Epidemiology & Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
7. Division of Infectious Disease, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, College of Medicine, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
8. Department of Infectious Diseases, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
9. Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
10. Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
11. WIHS Data Management and Analysis Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
12. Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
13. Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.
14. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.