1. Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
2. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
3. Saint Louis University Center for Outcomes Research, St. Louis, Missouri.
4. Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri.
5. Saint Louis University Cancer Center, St. Louis, Missouri.
6. Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri.