1. Prince Mutaib Chair for Biomarkers of Osteoporosis, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
2. Biomarker Research Program, Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
3. Department of Biochemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Egypt.
4. INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Laval, Canada.