1. Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka Mishima Emergency Critical Care Center, Takatsuki, Japan.
2. Department of Emergency, Disaster, and Critical Care Medicine, Kagawa University School of Medicine, Takamatsu, Japan.
3. Department of Neurosurgery, International University of Health and Welfare, School of Medicine, Narita, Japan.
4. Emergency and Critical Care Center, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Japan.
5. Advanced Medical Emergency and Critical Care Center, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Japan.
6. Department of Emergency Medicine and Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
7. Neurosurgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
8. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Hyogo Emergency Medical Center, Kobe, Japan.
9. Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, St. Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
10. Department of Emergency, Disaster and Critical Care Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
11. Emergency and Critical Care Center, Tokuyama Central Hospital, Tokuyama, Japan.
12. Yamaguchi Prefectural University, Yamaguchi, Japan.