1. Graduate Institute of Electronic Engineering, College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
2. Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
3. Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
4. Department of Medical Informatics, National Taiwan University College of Medicine; Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital; and School of Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.