Parrhesia in Qualitative Research: Unveiling Truths, the Critique of Power, and Embracing Risk

Abstract

This work examines a range of qualitative research approaches used in the field of social sciences, including phenomenology, content analysis, action research, critical research, and critical discourse analysis. This argument underscores the significance of adopting a Foucauldian lens, which serves to question the binary opposition between realist and idealist underpinnings in the realm of research methodologies. The text provides an introduction to the notion of “fearless speech” or parrhesia, which is distinguished by its frankness, truth-telling, and acknowledgment of risk. Furthermore, it underscores the inherent danger associated with truth-telling, particularly when confronting those in positions of authority. This study seeks to provide insights into the ethical and methodological dilemmas faced by urban sociology and war and peace studies. The article finishes by establishing a connection between the qualitative research principles and research conducted on the phenomenon of urban fabric destruction. In that way, it is an attempt not only to question the theoretical basis but also to influence the ethical aspects of qualitative research in the intricate context of urban fabric destruction.