Türkiye Artvin İli Hatila Vadisi ve Macahel Arı Ürünlerinin Farklı Çözücülerdeki Fenolik İçeriklerinin ve Antioksidan Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

This study determines the extracts of bee products prepared with different solvents in terms of phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the Hatila Valley and Macahel region of Artvin, Turkey. For this purpose, water and ethanol extracts of royal jelly and honey; water, ethanol, 70% ethanol, propylene glycol and 70% propylene glycol extracts of pollen and propolis were analyzed by total polyphenol and flavonoid content, and ferric reducing power. The results of the analyzes indicated that Macahel honey and propolis had higher phenolic content and antioxidant activity than Hatila honey and propolis. Hatila bee products were ranked as propolis > pollen > royal jelly > honey in terms of phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The antioxidant activities of Hatila Valley and Macahel bee products vary depending on the amount of phenolic compounds in their structures. Furthermore, when Hatila, Macahel, and Hatila + Macahel propolis were compared in terms of polyphenol and flavonoid content and ferric reducing power, the order was Macahel propolis > Hatila + Macahel propolis > Hatila propolis. A statistically significant difference was found between 70% ethanol and 70% propylene glycol and water, and although these solvents had higher solubility, the lowest solubility was in water. These differences vary depending on the geographical location, botanical and climatic variations of the region where the bee products are collected, and the solvent used for the extraction. Therefore, rather than using a single propolis sample for various sectors such as the food, medical and cosmetic industries, propolis mixtures may be suitable for different applications.