Evaluation of Agronomic Traits and Allele Specific DNA Markers Related to Some Disease and Quality Traits in Mutant Karakılçık M4 Individuals

Abstract

Karakılçık (KK) is a landrace, of which both bread and durum wheat forms exist. This is the first study that reports mutation induction and detection with agronomic traits and allele specific markers on KK durum wheat landrace. In the study, KK landrace was induced with chemical mutation using sodium azide (NaN3) (3 mM) mutagen to improve agronomic traits. In the research, KK genotype and the 13 M4 individuals (KK-1 to KK-13) were used as plant materials. According to the results, the shortest mutant genotype was KK-10 (125.80 cm), with the highest protein ratio (18.50%) and wet gluten ratio (37.10%), while KK-9 genotype had the highest grain yield (4285.6 kg ha-1). The average polymorphism information content (PIC) was calculated as 0.97, while the average allele number was 15.2 per marker. Glu-B1 (Bx7OE primer) allele was determined on KK-11 and KK-13 genotypes. Wx-A1 allele was found on KK-1, KK-2, KK-4, KK-5 and KK-7 genotypes. Sr49 allele (Sun209) was determined on KK-5 genotype, while Yr45 allele (Xwgp118) was detected on KK-10 genotype. In addition, the high protein content allele Gpc-B1 (UHW89 primer) was found on KK-1, KK-2, KK-3 and KK-4 genotypes. Based on the principal component biplot analysis, it was determined that there was a positive relationship between grain yield (GY) with test weight (TW), grain number and weight per spike (GNS and GWS), and negative relationship with the other traits.