SAĞLIK HARCAMALARININ MEDİKAL ÜRÜN İHRACATI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ: E7 ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ

Abstract

The increase in the number of epidemic diseases and their fatal effects, and the global importance of health problems with each passing day cause the health expenditures of countries to increase necessarily. In addition, countries are making efforts to increase their medical product exports in order to meet the increasing global demand in the sector and to increase their national income. With the increase in the importance of the health sector and exports in the sector, the concept of global competitiveness has also gained importance. As with many products, competition has increased and even started to heat up in the export of medical products. Although the health system of developing countries has started to develop in recent years, it is not sufficient. We aim to analyze the impact of health expenditures on medical product exports in E7 countries (Turkey, China, India, Russia, Indonesia, Brazil and Mexico) in the developing countries group in the paper. In this context, we first perform the MADF unit root test to test the stationarity of the series in the study covering the period 2000-2017. Then we perform the Swamy S test to determine the homogeneity and heterogeneity of the series. Finally, we apply the Dumitrescu-Hurlin Panel causality test to determine the causality relationship between the series. As a result of our findings, we determine that the series are stationary and heterogeneous in the first difference and that there is a bidirectional causality relationship between the two variables. In other words, both health expenditures affect medical product exports and medical product exports affect health expenditures. In this perspective, when countries' health expenditures increase, medical product exports also increase, and when medical product exports increase, health expenditures also increase.