Effect of deformation processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-42Nb-7Zr alloy

Abstract

Introduction. The interest of modern medical materials science is focused on the development of beta-alloys of ternary systems (TNZ) based on titanium, niobium and zirconium with the low Young’s modulus, which is comparable with the elastic modulus of the bone. A wide application of the above alloys in medicine is limited by its insufficiently high strength properties, such as yield strength, ultimate strength, fatigue strength, fatigue life, etc. The formation of bulk ultrafine-grained structure in the alloys via deformation processing, including severe plastic deformation, ensures a considerable increase in the mechanical properties of alloys without toxic alloying elements. The aim of the work is to analyze the influence of deformation (multipass rolling and abc-pressing in combination with rolling) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy of the Ti-Nb-Zr system. The research methods. The Ti-42Nb-7Zr alloy cast blanks were made from pure titanium, niobium, and zirconium iodides by arc melting with a tungsten electrode in the protective argon atmosphere. It is shown that the cast blanks obtained have a high degree of uniformity in the distribution of niobium and zirconium alloying elements. To form an ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure, the cast blanks were subjected to deformation according to two schemes: 1) multipass rolling and 2) a combined method of severe plastic deformation, consisting in abc-pressing and subsequent multipass groove rolling. Results and discussion. As a result of deformation processing by rolling, an ultrafine-grained (UFG) structure is formed, which is represented by non-equiaxed -subgrains with cross-sectional dimensions 0.2…0.8 µm and length 0.2…0.7 µm, dispersion strengthened nanosized ω-phase, as well as subgrains of the -phase. Application of combined severe plastic deformation has promoted formation of a more dispersed UFG (+ω)-structure with an average size of structural elements equal to 0.3 μm. The UFG structure formed as a result of two-stage SPD has provided a high level of mechanical properties: yield strength – 480 MPa, ultimate strength – 1.100 MPa, microhardness – 2.800 MPa, with a low modulus of elasticity equal to 36 GPa.