1. Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
2. Clinical Informatics and Medical Statistics Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
3. Department of Emergency Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
4. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina College of Pharmacy, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
5. Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
6. Health Management Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
7. School of Medicine, International Health Program, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
8. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan
9. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
10. Department of Emergency Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
11. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA