Darcy Forchheimer two-dimensional thin flow of Jeffrey nanofluid with heat generation/absorption and thermal radiation over a stretchable flat sheet

Abstract

This work aims to study the combined effects of concentration and thermal radiation on a steady flow of Jeffrey nanofluid under the Darcy-Forchheimer relation over a flat nonlinear stretching sheet of variable thickness. A varying magnetic field influences normal to the flow movement is considered to strengthen the Jeffery nanofluid conductivity. However, a little effect of the magnetic Reynolds number is assumed to eliminate the impact of the magnetic field range. The higher-order nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) and convective boundary conditions are transformed into nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) by applying corresponding transformations. Then the ODEs are numerically solved with Runge-Kutta method via shooting technique. This process is applied for convergent relations of nanoparticle temperature, concentration, and velocity distributions. The influence of different fluid parameters like thermophoresis, melting param-eter, Deborah number, chemical reaction parameter, Brownian motion parameter, inertia parameter and Darcy number on the flow profiles is explained through graphical analysis. Thermal radiation is emitted by accelerated charged particles, and the enhanced particle motion at higher temperatures causes a more significant discharge of radiation. Also, it was concluded that the heat generation parameter enhances the momentum boundary layer thickness and reduces the thermal and solutal boundary layer thickness over a Jeffrey nanofluid.