Influence of thermodynamics on the development of technology and science

Abstract

Understanding thermodynamics can be challenging due to its dealing with abstract concepts such as entropy and energy transfer. This paper outlines six principles of thermodynamics, whose application necessitates a coherent overarching phi-losophy. The problems studied often entail complex mathematical equations, relying on a strong foundation in physics and mathematics. Moreover, comprehending thermodynamics requires a shift in thinking, focusing on macroscopic properties of matter rather than microscopic interactions, as in other branches of physics. Thermodynamics also introduces a new philosophy in science – the concept of irreversible phenomena, rooted in the heat flow theory, which is currently being extrapolated to other scientific domains. Notably, this involves extending the concept of work to systems performing var-ious types of work beyond volume change.