Role of microelements in drinking mineral waters in metabolic processes of the gastrointestinal tract

Abstract

Introduction. In the spa treatment of patients, especially with the pathology of the digestive system, mineral waters (MW) are widely used, the biological effect of which on the body consists of the interaction of all components. Among them, a special place is occupied by trace elements involved in enzymatic catalysis, which, during internal consumption of CF, have an effect on the neuroendocrine and immune mechanisms of the body, as well as on metabolic processes in the digestive system. However, these issues, today, remain the least studied, which was the topic of this article. The quantity and quality of food consumed are important factors that determine a person’s health and quality of life. Among the nutrients necessary for a person, vitamins and minerals play an important role. They are actively involved in the assimilation of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, the regulation of physical functions, the implementation of the growth and development of the body. Trace elements change the conformation of the substrate molecule, participate in the stabilization of the active center of enzymes, and in the transfer of electrons. Food is the only source of minerals in the body. However, most people, according to domestic and foreign literature, have their deficiency in the body. Purpose of the study. To prepare a literature review using Russian and foreign sources and to present data from modern studies on the mechanism of action of drinking MV in the gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion. In the light of the above, it is natural to use various natural mineral waters as carriers of microelements, as well as for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes in patients with various pathologies, especially in diseases of the digestive system. Currently, various modes of CF intake are used, designed for certain metabolic processes in the gastrointestinal tract, and the emphasis is mainly on the state of the acid-forming function of the stomach. At the same time, little attention is paid to the influence of the micronutrient composition of CF on various aspects of the digestive process. Since until now many questions of the use of CF, their metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract (influence on digestion, absorption, interaction with vitamins, etc.), remain open and are interpreted differently, this was the reason to once again turn to this problem.