Association of 24 h Blood Pressure on Functional Outcome in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Post Intravenous Thrombolysis

Abstract

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Elevated admission blood pressure (BP) and BP variability have been shown to be associated with poor outcomes in most studies, while few studies have not found such an association. We investigated the association of various BP parameters with 3-month functional outcomes, mortality, and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Patients with AIS who received IVT between January 2012 and March 2020 were analyzed. Admission BP, 24 h mean BP, and BP variability were noted for all patients. Outcomes assessed were 3-month modified Rankin Scale (mRS), mortality, and sICH. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 237 patients, 161 were males. The mean admission systolic BP (SBP), 24 h mean SBP, and BP variability were 158.1 mm Hg (SD 30.25), 138 mm Hg (SD 16.78), 19.42 (SD 12.79), respectively. At 3 months, 147 (62%) patients had a good outcome (mRS 0–2). Multivariate analysis showed prior stroke, NIHSS &#x3e;15, mean SBP ≥160 mm Hg, and SBP variability &#x3e;45 to be significant predictors of poor outcome (mRS &#x3e; 2) at 3 months. Eleven patients (4.6%) developed sICH. Age more than 60 years, presence of atrial fibrillation, admission blood sugar ≥180 mg/Dl, and SBP variability &#x3e;45 predicted sICH. None of the above factors were predictive of 3-month mortality. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> An elevated mean SBP and greater SBP variability were predictive of poor functional outcomes, whereas a high SBP variability predicted sICH. Our study emphasizes the need for BP control and minimizing large fluctuations to achieve good poststroke outcomes.