Frequency and Predictors of Pulmonary Arterial Stump Thrombosis following Pneumonectomy or Lobectomy

Abstract

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> Pulmonary artery stump thrombosis (PAST) following pneumonectomies/lobectomies is rare; its clinical importance is unknown. The objectives of this study were to analyze the prevalence and risk factors of PAST and the clinical significance in patients with pneumonectomy/lobectomy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> All adult cases who underwent pneumonectomy/lobectomy in our hospital for any reason and who underwent control contrast-enhanced thoracic CT during the follow-up period were included in the study. Demographic and clinical features of the patients, data on surgery, and the features of thrombi were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> During the 4-year study period, a total of 454 patients underwent pneumonectomy/lobectomy (93 pneumonectomy and 361 lobectomy). Among the patients, 202 patients (50 pneumonectomy and 152 lobectomy) with at least one follow-up thorax CT were included in the analyses. PAST was detected in 9 (4.5%) of 202 patients and mostly seen in patients with pneumonectomy (lobectomy: 2.6% vs. pneumonectomy: 10%, <i>p</i> = 0.043) and in patients whose pulmonary artery was ligated by using stapler (suture ligation 1% vs. stapler: 7.4%, <i>p</i> = 0.034). Pulmonary artery stump was also longer in patients with PAST (8.48 ± 11.22 mm vs. 23.55 ± 11.22 mm, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that pneumonectomy and longer pulmonary artery stump length were found to be significantly associated with PAST (<i>p</i> = 0.041 and <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PAST was detected in 4.5% of our subjects undergoing lobectomy/pneumonectomy. PAST was found to be significantly higher in subjects who underwent pneumonectomy, those with longer pulmonary artery stump, and those with pulmonary artery stump ligated by using stapler.