Mutated Transcripts of ZEB2 Do Not Undergo Nonsense-Mediated Decay in Mowat-Wilson Syndrome

Abstract

Introduction: Mowat-Wilson syndrome (MWS) is an autosomal-dominant complex developmental disorder characterized by distinctive facial appearance, intellectual disability, epilepsy, and various clinically heterogeneous abnormalities reminiscent of neurocristopathies. MWS is caused by haploinsufficiency of ZEB2 due to heterozygous point mutations and copy number variations. Case Presentation: We report on two unrelated affected individuals with novel ZEB2indel mutations, molecularly confirming the diagnosis of MWS. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the comparison of total transcript levels and allele-specific quantitative real-time PCR were also performed and demonstrated that the truncating mutations did not lead to nonsense-mediated decay as expected. Conclusion: ZEB2 encodes a multifunctional pleiotropic protein. Novel mutations in ZEB2 should be reported in order that genotype-phenotype correlations might be established in this clinically heterogeneous syndrome. Further cDNA and protein studies may help elucidate the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms of MWS since nonsense-mediated RNA decay was found to be absent in only a few studies including this study.