Microsurgical Treatment of Intraventricular Cavernoma with Prior Planning Neuroendoscopy

Abstract

Microsurgery remains the gold standard treatment for intraventricular lesions, but it is not without limitations. The cerebral ventricles approach is considered a challenge for neurosurgeons because of their deep location and their intimate association with critical areas of the brain. It has been shown that direct endoscopic view is superior to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in identifying intraventricular structures and lesions. Also, during neuroendoscopy, there is no cerebrospinal fluid leak causing brain collapse as seen in microsurgery. Different surgical strategies should be shared and may improve and facilitate intraventricular lesions resection. Herein, a case of a successful microsurgical cavernoma resection with prior ventriculoscopy is described. A 28-year-old woman was admitted with intense holocranial headache. A mild stiff neck was observed. MRI showed a 3-cm lesion with heterogeneous signal intensity and no contrast enhancement suggestive of cavernoma. Initially, a ventriculoscopy was done to inspect the lesion and the surrounding ventricular structures. After that, a conversion technique from endoscopy to microsurgery was performed. The initial corticectomy was extended and the endoscope pathway was followed into the ventricular cavity. Then, the cavernoma was completely removed by microsurgical technique. No complications were observed. Control MRI showed total tumour removal. The patient remained asymptomatic with no recurrence after 1 year. This case illustrates a successful prior endoscopic approach followed by microsurgery as an alternative to a direct microsurgical approach for intraventricular cavernoma. A previous direct endoscopic view of the lesion and its relation with intraventricular structures may ensure a safe and complete resection by microsurgery.