Development of an Audiovisual Tool on Peripheral Arterial Disease and Preliminary Suitability Assessment

Abstract

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Increasing health literacy in people with chronic illness is essential to prevent disease complications and to promote responsible and conscious decision-making. Therefore, an audiovisual tool was developed to promote literacy about peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in a hospital setting, and a preliminary evaluation of the tool’s suitability was carried out. <b><i>Material and Methods:</i></b> The tool was developed by a multidisciplinary team. The preliminary assessment of the suitability study of an audiovisual tool was carried out with a sample of 7 patients with PAD admitted to an Angiology and Vascular Surgery Service and with a group of four professionals specialized in the subject (health literacy and PAD). The design, elaboration, and production of the audiovisual tool were based on a literature review, an informal focus group with patients, a communication model, and an empirical model of behavioral change. Through this preliminary suitability assessment study, we identified the suitability characteristics of this audiovisual tool that can be transmitted in waiting rooms and vascular surgery hospitalizations. The Suitable Assessment of Material (SAM) was used by professionals and patients to obtain different appropriateness factors for each of the 11 videos. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The audiovisual tool developed and built for patients with PAD proved to be accessible, understandable, and attractive for people with low levels of education. The patients were satisfied with the audiovisual tool and highlighted positive points, also reporting some suggestions for changes. Health professionals evaluated the 11 videos with a high level of adequacy ranging from 82% to 93.05% adequacy. Out of 19 factors (from the SAM), the quality of the illustrations, the presence of tables and lists, and stimulation and incentive to learning were the two dimensions scored as least appropriate/used. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The audiovisual tool developed to improve health literacy on PAD presented preliminary suitability characteristics that make it a high-quality material to be used in future studies that evaluate the effectiveness of the tool with this population.