Hyperviscosity Retinopathy and Immunogammopathy Maculopahy as New Onset of Multiple Myeloma

Abstract

The purpose is to report a case of immunogammopathy maculopathy and hyperviscosity retinopathy as the presenting feature of new-onset multiple myeloma (MM) in an otherwise healthy man. A 50-years-old man presented with painless visual changes in both eyes for 2 months. Ocular examination revealed bilateral CRVO-like associated with macular edema (ME) and an inferior serous detachment. Hematologic investigation revealed an increased percentage of plasma cells in the bone marrow, reaching the diagnosis of MM IgM/kappa. Clinical support and chemotherapy effectively improved ocular alterations, despite the residual ME. Injection of triamcinolone was carried out, without any response. Bilateral vision reduction with hyperviscosity syndrome-related retinopathy and immunogammopathy maculopathy was the first manifestation of an underlying systemic and potentially fatal disease. This case highlights the need for diligent and thorough investigations for less common systemic conditions associated with retinal vein occlusions.