Nursing Staff’s Knowledge and Attitudes towards Dementia in an Indian Nursing Home: A Qualitative Interview Study

Abstract

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Despite the increased prevalence of dementia in India, there is reported to be little awareness of the disease. This could lead to a late diagnosis, a reduced number of choices regarding future care, and misinterpretation of the symptoms or neglect. Taking into consideration that most nurses caring for older people in the future will work with people with dementia, there is concern that they may not be able to meet the needs of this group of patients unless they have the necessary knowledge and a positive attitude. <b><i>Aim:</i></b> To explore the knowledge about and attitude towards dementia among nursing staff working in residential care facilities for older people in India. <b><i>Method:</i></b> An explorative and descriptive qualitative design was used. Two semi-structured focus group interviews were conducted with nursing staff working in 6 nursing homes in India. Qualitative content analysis was used. Ethical approval was granted by the Norwegian Social Science Data Services. <b><i>Findings:</i></b> The participants highlighted the following 3 dimensions in relation to their knowledge of and attitudes toward dementia in residential care facilities in India: (1) people with dementia – a walking mystery; (2) we need to go along with them, but it is challenging; and (3) if we know, we can care for them in a better way. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The findings revealed a wide range of differences in attitude towards and inadequate knowledge of dementia among nursing staff. However, their overall attitudes toward people with dementia was positive.