Diagnostic Criteria for Autoimmune Hepatitis: Scores and More

Abstract

The diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis is a clinical diagnosis that combines the patient's history, clinical examination, laboratory and serological markers and the results of a liver biopsy. As the clinical spectrum of autoimmune hepatitis is very wide, making the diagnosis can sometimes be difficult, especially in non-expert hands. Diagnostic scores can help in making the diagnosis, and the simplified diagnostic score of the International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group has a sensitivity and specificity of around 90% in the different populations that have been studied. Therefore, it can be very helpful in everyday use, but nonetheless for some patients the score is not good enough. Limitations are patients with very acute presentations as well as atypical cases. In such cases, a trial of monotherapy with steroids and quick tapering of the steroids is recommended. If the disease responds well to treatment, but recurs after tapering the steroids, the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis is confirmed. In addition to its clinical use, diagnostic scores can also be helpful in defining the unified criteria in order to make scientific studies comparable.